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Flow Equation:
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The flow equation Q = A × V calculates the volumetric flow rate of a fluid by multiplying the cross-sectional area (A) through which the fluid flows by its average velocity (V). This fundamental equation is widely used in fluid dynamics and engineering applications.
The calculator uses the flow equation:
Where:
Explanation: This equation assumes uniform flow across the entire cross-section and is valid for incompressible fluids under steady flow conditions.
Details: Accurate flow calculation is essential for designing piping systems, calculating pump requirements, determining flow rates in rivers and channels, and various industrial processes involving fluid transport.
Tips: Enter cross-sectional area in square meters (m²) and average velocity in meters per second (m/s). Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero.
Q1: What units should I use for the calculation?
A: The calculator uses SI units: area in m² and velocity in m/s, resulting in flow rate in m³/s. You can convert from other units before entering values.
Q2: Does this equation work for all types of fluids?
A: The equation Q = A × V works for incompressible fluids (like water) under steady flow conditions. For compressible fluids or unsteady flow, additional factors need to be considered.
Q3: What if the cross-section is not uniform?
A: For non-uniform cross-sections, the area should represent the effective flow area, and velocity should be the average velocity across that section.
Q4: Can I use this for gas flow calculations?
A: For low-pressure gas flows where compressibility effects are negligible, this equation can provide approximate results. For high-pressure gas flows, more complex equations are needed.
Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The accuracy depends on the precision of your area and velocity measurements. The equation itself provides theoretically exact results for ideal conditions.